Neurosains dan Studi Hadis: Analisis Interdisipliner Terhadap Konsep Akal dan Kesadaran Manusia
Keywords:
Kesadaran, Manusia, Akal, NeurosainsAbstract
Research on the relationship between Hadith and neuroscience has generally focused on demonstrating the compatibility between Islamic teachings and scientific findings, resulting in a predominantly linear understanding of the dialogue between the two. However, Hadith studies and neuroscience are grounded in different epistemological foundations, research objects, and objectives. Therefore, their relationship is more appropriately developed through an interdisciplinary approach. This study aims to analyze the concepts of ʿaql (intellect) and consciousness in the Hadith, examine contemporary neuroscientific theories on brain function, cognitive processes, emotion regulation, and human consciousness, and construct a conceptual dialogue between these two disciplines. This research employs a qualitative library-based method using content analysis combined with an interdisciplinary analytical approach. The data were derived from Hadiths concerning ʿaql, and consciousness, as well as relevant contemporary neuroscience literature. The findings indicate that the Hadith presents ʿaql as the foundation of moral and spiritual responsibility, qalb as the center of inner life, and consciousness as encompassing awareness of God, oneself, and others. In contrast, neuroscience explains these functions through biological mechanisms involving neural networks, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and the Global Neuronal Workspace Theory. The interdisciplinary analysis demonstrates that these two perspectives do not stand in a relationship of mutual validation but rather complement one another. Hadith provides a normative, ethical, and spiritual understanding of human nature, while neuroscience explains the biological mechanisms underlying cognitive processes, emotion regulation, and consciousness, thereby offering a more comprehensive understanding of human beings as both biological and spiritual entities.
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