Religiusitas Baru dan Radikalisme: Moderasi Beragama sebagai Jalan Tengah Era Post-Sekular (Telaah Psikoanalitik Sigmund Freud)

Abstract

This article examines the dynamics of contemporary religiosity in the post-secular era by highlighting three main expressions: radicalism, new religiosity, and religious moderation. Through Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic approach, religiosity is understood not merely as a theological or sociological construct but also as an expression of the human subconscious. Radicalism is analyzed as a form of psychological regression and projection of internal conflict, while new religiosity is interpreted as a result of sublimation and existential compensation for the fragmentation of values in modern society. In contrast, religious moderation is positioned as an expression of a mature ego the individual or group's ability to balance instinctual drives (id), moral norms (superego), and social reality. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review of Freud’s works and contemporary literature on post-secularism. It aims to show that religious moderation is not only a socio-political strategy but also a psychological necessity for fostering healthy and reflective religiosity. The findings of this article affirm that moderation is an essential middle path in responding to spiritual and social challenges in the post-secular age.